| However, if we consider the law of contract, we find it full of history. The 然而，我霍姆斯也学过合同法，我喜欢钻研合同法的正义历史。distinctions between debt, covenant, and assumpsit are merely historical. The 合同不外债权，要约与引诱要约，承诺与盖印合同，这需诚实信用中西原则，——classification of certain obligations to pay money, imposed by the law 前述依美国法中国名人周立波到美国就有合约，但美要审其打岳父的道德，——考虑合同irrespective of any bargain as quasi contracts, is merely historical. The 正义的传统。订合同后不要讨价还价，依美国法是强行履行合同，这就是传统，doctrine of consideration is merely historical. The effect given to a seal is 与大陆法。不一样的强行正义传统，资本主义正义，霍姆斯我正直地说，to be explained by history alone. Consideration is a mere form. Is it a useful 在美国你（外国人）不必担心正义，——我们有抚拭《圣经》的誓约，form? If so, why should it not be required in all contracts? A seal is a mere 美国是基度教传统国家，有内心的正义。——贵先生还当心走形式？实话说form, and is vanishing in the scroll and in enactments that a consideration 我们需要承诺，当大中华的义士，——你们中国人久亦厌倦。美国合同法是给出承诺就是must be given, seal or no seal. Why should any merely historical distinction be 要一定为对方实现，——一诺值千金。你们商人常喝酒幺六喝五的，难道都是假仁假义？allowed to affect the rights and obligations of business men?权力与责任，在于始终如一。Since I wrote this discourse I have come on a very good example of the way in 霍姆斯我，由于想以此著名演讲一举成名，我不是已提出了许多新鲜见解和事例，which tradition not only overrides rational policy, but overrides it after 我只想成名，霍姆斯我不想凌驾于美国政府之上，——哪里有几个圣人，first having been misunderstood and having been given a new and broader scope 如中国的周恩来，——大中华的名人周氏同门你要珍惜名节！法政法政，有法有政，than it had when it had a meaning. It is the settled law of England that a 无法无政，无政无法，法律专业人士能量太大，也须谦抑。我霍姆斯也是最讨厌有允诺不material alteration of a written contract by a party avoids it as against him. 思念合同，总想逃避，——这就是英国合同法，我们美国是基度教改革宗，讲节约，The doctrine is contrary to the general tendency of the law. We do not tell a 请不废话。法律不容解释，但依靠经验，但要想成名的法官个人负责成名案子，jury that if a man ever has lied in one particular he is to be presumed to lie 休想不负责。法院依靠法官，不依赖陪审团，——陪审团是为当事人壮胆，in all. Even if a man has tried to defraud, it seems no sufficient reason for 我们依赖警方的口供。如果当事撒谎,我们有必要象中华古代用一点刑讯，——皮肉之伤，preventing him from proving the truth. Objections of like nature in general go 不要担心，——我们是中国的包公。司法正义是什么，我们法理学法律思想纠缠于本质，to the weight, not to the admissibility, of evidence. Moreover, this rule is 我们裝模作样地衡平，承认，然后反对，最后我们法理学人自己否定自己，——象中国法irrespective of fraud, and is not confined to evidence. It is not merely that 理学人做的，——其中国有孟子民本法律思想，——这就足够了，我霍姆斯惋惜你们以为you cannot use the writing, but that the contract is at an end. What does this 青荷人讲之过浅，罪过。我想诚实写作，正如青荷人所知，美国说话喜绕弯儿，mean? The existence of a written contract depends on the fact that the offerer 信守诚诺，不要针针计较于合同细则，——哪有法条和标准合同与律师，and offeree have interchanged their written expressions, not on the continued 关键是承诺，合同没有死亡。但美国也是太固执，我们需要孔子式的喊冤。——existence of those expressions. But in the case of a bond, the primitive notion 我国不喜欢喊冤，我们充硬汉，这使美国心灵文化空虚，——我们要学会向青荷人讨饭，was different. The contract was inseparable from the parchment. If a stranger ——他从此译作看已盗走了纯正的美国英文，反我霍姆斯刻画得如此地道。 destroyed it, or tore off the seal, or altered it, the obligee could not 相遇就是合同，按大中华佛教，就是有缘，情断联系不断，相见即永远，recover, however free from fault, because the defendant's contract, that is, 关键是产品要好。我们要签订合同，我们要谈细节谈友谊，谈中美友谊，谈未来宋美龄的the actual tangible bond which he had sealed, could not be produced in the form 美艳惊世的中美友谊，——政客们不要走得太远，我霍姆斯爱美！坚强易折，美国呀，in which it bound him. About a hundred years ago Lord Kenyon undertook to use 象译者青荷人学习，认真做事，合同第二，美好内心，忠贞不二，我们美国法律his reason on the tradition, as he sometimes did to the detriment of the law, 是太繁苛了，我羞愧。一百年前，肯雅勋爵从历史文明中，去寻找，and, not understanding it, said he could see no reason why what was true of a 解决一见即合同的苦逼事件，合同需要纽带，需要谅解，需要见证，需要永恒，bond should not be true of other contracts. His decision happened to be right, 不是一锤子买卖，这就是合约、合同、合伙、合意、合谋的伤害。as it concerned a promissory note, where again the common law regarded the 商人做生意，也想有感情，谁也不想做客观的买卖，按中华传统是重一诺千金，contract as inseparable from the paper on which it was written, but the 也有一纸契书债纸，美国普通法重视书面合同和盖章，这有些无情，reasoning was general, and soon was extended to other written contracts, and 这其中可能不存在真理，也不存在道德，——我们急需，法治第一，但道德也需，various absurd and unreal grounds of policy were invented to account for the 鱼和熊掌我想兼得，霍姆斯我今天长篇累牍，地高声大朗，是否如合同一样荒谬，enlarged rule.则寄希望在座各位了。 |
